Bills of rights "have no application to constitutions professedly founded upon the power of the people, and executed by their immediate representatives and servants. here, in strictness, the people surrender nothing, and as they retain everything, they have no need of particular reservations."_alexander hamilton, federalist no. 84

hamilton argues in this quote that

a list of rights in the constitution is unnecessary because the government's power is already limited

a list of rights should be added to the constitution before the state legislatures vote whether to ratify

faulty parallelism is a construction in which two or more parts of a sentence are equivalent in meaning but not grammatically similar in form.

the correct version of this faulty parallelism in the sentence is:

the hikers knew that the hike was six miles, that it usually required the entire day, and it would not be wise to start after 10: 00 a.m.

the problem is the last sentence, the first two have a basic subject+verb+object structure.

so, to give a proper balance to the structure, or better said, to give a parallel structure, we must write a basic s+v+o structure in all three sentences:

the hikers knew that the hike was six miles, that it usually required the entire day, and it would not be wise to start after 10: 00 a.m.