When is the drafting step in the writing process of creative nonfiction writing? when a writer changes a short story to be a nonfiction essay

when a writer changes details in his or her essay according to feedback

when a writer takes a possible essay idea and develops it into a somewhat complete piece

when a writer takes notes on his or her surroundings to create initial writing ideas

Which phrase in this excerpt from james joyce's "araby is a participial phrase? north richmond street, being blind, was a quiet street except at the hour when the christian brothers' school set the boys free. an uninhabited house of two storeys stood at the blind end, detached from its neighbours in a square ground. the other houses of the street, conscious of decent lives within them, gazed at one another with brown imperturbable faces the former tenant of our house, a priest, had died in the back drawing-room. air, musty from having been long enclosed, hung in all the rooms, and the waste room behind the kitchen was littered with old useless papers. among these i found a few paper-covered books, the pages of which were curled and damp: the abbot, by walter scott, the devout communicant and the memoirs of vidocq. i liked yellow. the wild garden behind the house contained a central apple-tree and a few straggling bushes under one of which i found the late tenant's rusty bicycle-pump. he had been a very charitable priest, in his will he had left all his money to institutions and the furniture of his house to his sister.

Select all the correct answers. why do authors use rhetorical devices in essays?

(the black cat poem) where does the writer fail to support her points with evidence? what evidence from the story would you suggest adding to support these points?