What makes these paragraphs an example of subject-by-subject writing? The paragraphs focus more on what is involved in becoming a judge as opposed to becoming a police officer.
The paragraphs focus first on becoming a police officer, second on becoming a judge, and finally on comparing the two.
The paragraphs compare two different careers, discussing criteria about each career one point at a time.
The paragraphs look at a variety of criteria involved in becoming a judge and a police officer, including salaries and the risk of on-the-job injuries.

The answer to your question appears to be: hardworking

  match the example to the term.   1. formal standard english: by the power vested in me as a minister of the gospel, i now pronounce you man and wife. what god has joined together, let not man put asunder.2. colloquial english:   congratulations, jim and sarah. we're very happy for you. you for inviting us3. technical text: to register online at smith's bridal, complete the form below and press "enter." (directions, instructions or explanation) 4. regional dialect y'all make a fine couple! i reckon you'll be happy. 5. informational text: the photographer said he would photoshop in a better picture of the uncooperative flower girl.6. jargon: the aforementioned parties, in entering into said agreement, hereby mutually swear that they have, to the best of their abilities, provided a truthful representation of their intent . .   (legal jargon)7. informal standard english: way to go, guys! you'll do great! (no conjunctions used)8. slang: hey, just chill out. (used by a particular profession or group)9. literary text: entreat me not to leave thee or to refrain from following after thee. for whither thou goest i will go (bible)