The second clause of the Preamble says that “disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts...” What do you think it is referring to?

h it's isaac again my bad i just seen this and i was like hey she's a fwend but yeah wussup

i believe it’s the first one, but it could be the second! not the third or fourth.

explanation:

i believe it is the first choice (1.)

because the major theme is(“both the wild and civilization have rules.”)

and also as u said,( based on what buck learns within the call of the wild, "both the wild and civilization have rules".this is true of humans within society as well.