Sing in me, Muse, and through me tell the story of that man skilled in all ways of contending,
the wanderer, harried for years on end,
after he plundered the stronghold
on the proud height of Troy. 5

He saw the townlands
and learned the minds of many distant men,
and weathered many bitter nights and days
in his deep heart at sea, while he fought only
to save his life, to bring his shipmates home.

But not by will nor valor could he save them, 10
for their own recklessness destroyed them all—
children and fools, they killed and feasted on
the cattle of Lord Helios, the Sun,
and he who moves all day through heaven
took from their eyes the dawn of their return. 15

Of these adventures, Muse, daughter of Zeus,
tell us in our time, lift the great song again.

To whom does the author make an appeal?

What is the main function of the “Prologue” to the poem as a whole?

Does the lack of rhyme scheme affect the narrative aspect of the poem? Explain.

Why couldn’t Odysseus save his men? What eventually happens to his men? Find the line numbers to support.

Based on the “Prologue,” what can you infer are Odysseus’ two main objectives?

What can the reader infer about Odysseus through lines 5-6?

How does the reader know that lines 1-5 are about Odysseus? What hints are given to the audience? How would the Greek audience know who this was based on this description?

Cuireann an fear, O Muse, in iúl, go leor

Créachta lena eagna chun fanacht go mian leis;

Chuaigh sé sin go hiontach i bhfad, nuair a bhí sé ar an mbaile

As Troy naofa bhí sac agus sciorradh síos;

Na cathracha ar domhan náisiún,

Le gach béasa, intinn, agus faisin,

Chonaic sé agus bhí a fhios aige; ar muir bhraith go leor léanta,

Cothaíodh go leor cúraim, le sábháil ó threascairt

É féin agus a chairde agus iad ag cúlú ón mbaile;

Ach mar sin a gcuid faitíos nach bhféadfadh sé a shárú,

Cé go raibh tart air i bhfad. O fhir gan chiall,

Milleann siad de réir a gcleachtais féin,

Ní shilfeadh sé sin i rapine a n-ocrais

Daimh na Gréine ard ag dul,

Cé dá bhrí sin as a súile an lá lom

De fhilleadh slán. D’fhág na gníomhartha seo, go pointe áirithe,

Inis dúinn, mar dhaoine eile, síol deified Jove.

Explanation:

poop and pee and a tree

based on the biblical principle philippians 4: 13 "i can do everything through christ who strengthens me." i agree that it is through him that we are given the strength to cope with every situation.

and based on the biblical principle proverbs 16: 32 "better to get angry slowly than to be a hero. better to be even-tempered than to capture a city."   i agree with the author of the passage to the extent that the nobility of heart demonstrates the strength of a person. those who are contemptuous, get angry easily and show their anger toward others are really weak, but those who are noble and make sure to not hurt other people and their feelings are strong people.