(NO LINKS) Read the passage from the chapter "My Breaking In" from Black Beauty, in which the horse describes his first encounter with the train. In the course of the day many other trains went by, some more slowly; these drew up at the station close by, and sometimes made an awful shriek and groan before they stopped. I thought it very dreadful, but the cows went on eating very quietly, and hardly raised their heads as the black frightful thing came puffing and grinding past.

Why does the author use figurative language to describe the train in this passage?

A. The author uses an idiom related to the noises the train makes to explain that Black Beauty thinks the train is alive.
B. The author uses a metaphor that compares the noises the train makes and the animals peacefully grazing to allow readers to understand Black Beauty's awareness of his surroundings.
C. The author uses an analogy that compares time passing and a train passing to explain that Black Beauty feels as though time has slowed down.
D. The author uses personification of the noises the train makes to help readers understand Black Beauty's experience.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)