All of the following are strategies when you read except:
a. surveying.
b. scanning.
c. skimming.
d. scamming.

The answer is indeed letter D. scamming

The other three options are well-known pre-reading techniques. Surveying helps the reader find out about how the document - paper, magazine etc. - they are reading is organized and what its contents are. One way of surveying is to read the titles and subtitles of the document.

Scanning helps the reader find specific information in the text, such as names or days. Irrelevant information is left out. This is usually done by moving one's eyes quickly and systematically over the document.

As for skimming, it helps the reader to find out about the document's general idea and arguments. It can be done, for instance, by reading the first lines of its paragraphs.

Scamming, on the other hand, is not a reading technique. It means deceiving or cheating in order to obtain some profit.

explanation:

the goblins and dwarves have different perspectives of things. bilbo is a hobbit and goblins dwarves and hobbits all believe and do a different way of living