What term do we use to refer to the letter or group of letters that come before a root word?

the president was the speaker and it was a great part of history.

explanation:

video of the national aeronautic space administration's (nasa) coverage of president john f. kennedy’s address at rice university, houston, texas, concerning the nation's efforts in space exploration. in his speech the president discusses the necessity for the united states to become an international leader in space exploration and famously states, "we choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard."

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)