State of the union address
franklin d. roosevelt
january 6, 1945
to the congress:
in considering the state of the union, the war and the peace that is to follow are naturally uppermost in the minds of all of us.
this war must be waged—it is being waged—with the greatest and most persistent intensity. everything we are and have is at stake. everything we are and have will be given. american men, fighting far from home, have already won victories which the world will never forget.
we have no question of the ultimate victory. we have no question of the cost. our losses will be heavy.
we and our allies will go on fighting together to ultimate total victory.
we have seen a year marked, on the whole, by substantial progress toward victory, even though the year ended with a setback for our arms, when the germans launched a ferocious counter-attack into luxembourg and belgium with the obvious objective of cutting our line in the center.
our men have fought with indescribable and unforgettable gallantry under most difficult conditions, and our german enemies have sustained considerable losses while failing to obtain their objectives.
the high tide of this german effort was reached two days after christmas. since then we have reassumed the offensive, rescued the isolated garrison at bastogne, and forced a german withdrawal along the whole line of the salient. the speed with which we recovered from this savage attack was largely possible because we have one supreme commander in complete control of all the allied armies in france. general eisenhower has faced this period of trial with admirable calm and resolution and with steadily increasing success. he has my complete confidence.
further desperate attempts may well be made to break our lines, to slow our progress. we must never make the mistake of assuming that the germans are beaten until the last nazi has surrendered.
in europe, we shall resume the attack and—despite temporary setbacks here or there—we shall continue the attack relentlessly until germany is completely defeated.
it is appropriate at this time to review the basic strategy which has guided us through three years of war, and which will lead, eventually, to total victory.
the tremendous effort of the first years of this war was directed toward the concentration of men and supplies in the various theaters of action at the points where they could hurt our enemies most.
it was an effort—in the language of the military men—of deployment of our forces. many battles—essential battles—were fought; many victories—vital victories—were won. but these battles and these victories were fought and won to hold back the attacking enemy, and to put us in positions from which we and our allies could deliver the final, decisive blows.
in the beginning our most important military task was to prevent our enemies—the strongest and most violently aggressive powers that ever have threatened civilization—from winning decisive victories. but even while we were conducting defensive, delaying actions, we were looking forward to the time when we could wrest the initiative from our enemies and place our superior resources of men and materials into direct competition with them.
it was plain then that the defeat of either enemy would require the massing of overwhelming forces—ground, sea, and air—in positions from which we and our allies could strike directly against the enemy homelands and destroy the nazi and japanese war machines.
which words from the text develop the idea of pending victory?
a. desperate attempts, violently aggressive, superior resources
b. high tide, isolated garrison, admirable calm
c. supreme commander, difficult conditions, german withdrawal
d. unforgettable gallantry, considerable losses, decisive blows