English, 18.10.2019 07:50 madim1275

How does hardins lifeboat metaphor create a zero-sum situation

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Answer from: kimilew

Hardin's metaphor describes a lifeboat bearing 50 people, with room for ten more. The lifeboat is in an ocean surrounded by a hundred swimmers. The "ethics" of the situation stem from the dilemma of whether (and under what circumstances) swimmers should be taken aboard the lifeboat.

Hardin compared the lifeboat metaphor to the Spaceship Earth model of resource distribution, which he criticizes by asserting that a spaceship would be directed by a single leader – a captain – which the Earth lacks. Hardin asserts that the spaceship model leads to the tragedy of the commons. In contrast, the lifeboat metaphor presents individual lifeboats as rich nations and the swimmers as poor nations.

Other issues which can be raised include:

Is it acceptable to deny an obviously dying passenger food and water to save it for others with a better chance to make it?Is it acceptable to jettison the dying passenger (knowing they will die within minutes) to make room for someone else?If food is low: is cannibalism of corpses acceptable after they die?is it acceptable, if it is certain they are going to die in a day or two, to murder them to preserve resources or to let someone on the boat?is it acceptable, if it is certain they are going to die in a day or two, to murder them in order to commit cannibalism of their corpse where this will allow the survivors to survive for several additional weeks?

Lifeboat ethics is closely related to environmental ethics, utilitarianism, and issues of resource depletion. Hardin uses lifeboat ethics to question policies such as foreign aid, immigration, and food banks.

Answer from: Quest

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the boy (2016) - imdb

imdb › title

the boy from

an american nanny is shocked that her new english family's boy is actually a life-sized doll. after she violates a list of strict rules, disturbing events make her believe that the doll is really alive.

rating

6/10 (66,790)

the boy (2016 film) - wikipedia

wikipedia › wiki › the_boy_(2016_film)

the boy is a 2016 horror film directed by william brent bell and written by stacey menear. the film stars lauren cohan and rupert evans. filming began on march 10, 2015, in victoria, british columbia. the film

produced by: matt berenson; jodyne herron; gary lucchesi; tom rosenberg; jim

production companies: lakeshore entertainment; huayi brothers pictures; vertigo

distributed by: stxfilms

music by: bear mccreary

plot

cast

production

reception

the boy (2016) - rotten tomatoes

rotten tomatoes › the_boy

the boy from

jan 22, 2016 · the boy is a frightening thrill ride directed by william brent bell (the devil inside) starring lauren cohan (

rating: pg-13 (for violence and terror, and for some thematic material)

in theaters: jan 22, 2016 wide

runtime: 98 minutes

rating

30% (61)

reviews

top voted tags

creepy · plot twist · dark · suspenseful · disturbing · tense · terrifying · + 3

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critic reviews

more likely to elicit laughs and rude remarks rather than screams and rooting interest.

joe leydon

variety

while it's not a terribly original entry in the "creepy doll" horror subgenre, this fright flick nonetheless offers interesting characters, a strong cast, expert pacing, and a spooky atmosphere.

jeffrey m. anderson

common sense media

3/5

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