1. which sentence has a misplaced modifier?
a. shelly stayed up all night studying for the history test that she had forgotten about.
b. rubbing her eyes, shelly began answering the questions.
c. shelly finally completed the last question yawning loudly. *my answer*
d. finally, at 3 a. m., shelly turned out her light and tried to get some rest.

2. which revision fixes the misplaced modifier in the sentence?
being disruptive and unruly, mother asked freddie to sit down and listen up.
a. being unruly and disruptive, mother asked freddie to sit down and listen up.
b. mother, being disruptive and unruly, asked freddie to sit down and listen up.
c. mother asked freddie to sit down and listen up, being disruptive and unruly.
d. mother asked freddie, who was being disruptive and unruly, to sit down and listen up.

3. which revision fixes the dangling modifier in this sentence?
while reading a new mystery book, my dog curled up in my lap and slept. (my answer)
a. while i was reading a new mystery book, my dog curled up in my lap and slept.
b. curled up in my lap, my dog slept while reading a new mystery book.
c. my dog, while reading a new mystery book, curled up in my lap and slept.
d. curling up in my lap while reading a new mystery book, my dog slept.

he was tryna get clout

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)