Which of the following is a valid statement? a. a research paper should rely most heavily on directly quoted material in order to avoid plagiarism and provide variety in syntax. b. an interesting research paper will include a variety of directly quoted and paraphrased sources and diverse sentence structures. c. if the outline is well-crafted, the researcher just needs to write one draft of the paper, as everything he/she needs will only have to be put together. d. the tone of a research paper requires a stilted, formal type of writing using only long, complex sentences to describe evidence from many sources.

What type of writing is demonstrated in this excerpt by general philip henry sheridan? at once i set about preparing for the examination which precedes admission to the military academy, studying zealously under the direction of mr. william clark; my old teachers, mcnanly and thorn, having disappeared from somerset and sought new fields of usefulness. the intervening months passed rapidly away, and i fear that i did not make much progress, yet i thought i should be able to pass the preliminary examination. that which was to follow worried me more and gave me many sleepless nights; but these would have been less in number, i fully believe, had it not been for one specification of my, outfit which the circular that accompanied my appointment demanded. this requirement was a pair of "monroe shoes." now, out in ohio, what "monroe shoes" were was a mystery—not a shoemaker in my section having so much as an inkling of the construction of the perplexing things, until finally my eldest brother brought an idea of them from baltimore, when it was found that they were a familiar pattern under another name. a. research essay b. persuasive essay c. biography d. memoir