Explain the three types of formal messages and give an example for each. explain an informal (grapevine) message.


three types of formal messages are: upward (message from employee to someone higher in the company, perhaps a boss), downward (message from someone in charge to personnel lower in rank), lateral (message from one employee to another of the same rank). examples of formal messages might include: an employee requesting time off (upward), a new dress code policy (downward), memo from one employee to another (in same position) discussing project (lateral). an informal grapevine message is the most common type of message in an organization and happens when information is shared word of mouth from employee to employee in an unofficial manner.

Three types of formal messages are: upward (message from employee to someone higher in the company, perhaps a boss), downward (message from someone in charge to personnel lower in rank), lateral (message from one employee to another of the same rank). Examples of formal messages might include: an employee requesting time off (upward), a new dress code policy (downward), memo from one employee to another (in same position) discussing project (lateral). An informal grapevine message is the most common type of message in an organization and happens when information is shared word of mouth from employee to employee in an unofficial manner.

sam knew that staying up late on a weeknight would effect his exam performance the next day. however, he believed that his friends would be mad at him if he didn't join them. peer pressure and the thought of losing his friends scared sam. he planned to meet them for a couple of hours and then leave early to study for the exam.

when alex falls for the charming new boy at school, cole -- a handsome, funny, sports star who adores her - she can't believe she's finally found her soul who truly loves and understands her.  

at first, alex is blissfully happy. sure, cole seems a little jealous of her relationship with her close friend zack, but what guy would want his girlfriend spending all her time with another boy? as the months pass, though, alex can no longer ignore cole's small put-downs, pinches, or increasingly violent threats.  

as alex struggles to come to terms with the sweet boyfriend she fell in love with and the boyfriend whose "love" she no longer recognizes, she is forced to choose -- between her "true love" and herself.

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