Read the following excerpt from Nixon's "Checker's" speech: Which logical fallacy or fallacies would you say he used and why? Explain your answer. "I have a theory, too, that the best and only answer to a smear or to an honest misunderstanding of the facts is to tell the truth. And that's why I'm here tonight. I want to tell you my side of the case. I'm sure that you have read the charge, and you've heard it, that I, Senator Nixon, took 18,000 dollars from a group of my supporters.
Now, was that wrong? And let me say that it was wrong. I'm saying, incidentally, that it was wrong, not just illegal, because it isn't a question of whether it was legal or illegal, that isn't enough. The question is, was it morally wrong? I say that it was morally wrong -- if any of that 18,000 dollars went to Senator Nixon, for my personal use. I say that it was morally wrong if it was secretly given and secretly handled. And I say that it was morally wrong if any of the contributors got special favors for the contributions that they made."

Explanation:

What is he actually saying? Is he saying that he took 18000 dollars and that is not only legally or morally wrong? Is he saying that he took 18000 dollars and that it was secretly given and secretly handled and that in return, he granted special favors to the people who gave him the money? Is he actually admitted doing that?

From this part of the speech, we don't know. Nixon was so slimy that you need the rest of the speech to know what he did and what he's admitting to. But what he is saying is that if he could buy a new GM product with the money and not declare what he had done, then he was wrong both morally and legally.

So what's wrong? The problem is if his next statement is that it was for expenses occurred and he can flap a receipt in the face of his accusers, he has shown them to be rats and much worse than he is.

And if he actually did take the 18000 for personal reasons, then he is on his way to getting the sympathy he needs to beat the charge. And the Democrats loose even if they are right. He shows himself to be a decent honorable man no matter which answer is true.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)