What type of Literary Devices is this passage and provide an explanation Wilson and I are different species: he’s an early bird and I am a night owl. The problem is if I move him to his own cage, who will I get to clean up the droppings?

Since the speaker compares himself to a night owl and Wilson to an early bird without the usage of the words "like" or "as", this is an example of metaphor. The reader is obviously not actually a night owl, but is merely saying that he's more active at night.

third person

explanation:

note the usage of names and pronouns, "james" & "the old man". this alone can confirm it as third person, as first person uses "i" and the like, while second person uses "you" and the like.

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i may be wrong but i think your answer is flashback