What are some examples and cures for causal fallacy, appeal to hypocrisy, red herring, hasty generalization, circular argument, slippery slope, false dilemma/false dichotomy, appeals to ignorance, straw man, and ad hominem?

i c

yas the answer is c

d. it compares the speaker reflection to a predatory bird that haunts the speaker

attitude toward the subject implied in a literary work.

serious at times, angry, impassioned, and optimistic, but most of all urgent