Read the text The History of Ice Cream: (1) I scream, you scream, we all scream for ice cream! Who doesn't love a nice, cold scoop of ice cream on a warm day? For thousands of years, ice cream has been a decadent dessert loved by most people around the world.

(2) There is some argument about who first invented ice cream. Some believe that ice cream was invented by the Chinese people anywhere from 2,000 to 6,000 years ago. They created a recipe of frozen milk and rice that was served as a dessert. Persia has also been credited with first serving frozen desserts. Over 2,000 years ago, the wealthy people of Persia enjoyed shaved ice from the mountains, covered with grape juice. They later learned to freeze rosewater and add different fruit toppings. These desserts were considered delicacies that only the richest families could experience. About 1,000 years after this, there is evidence that suggested Nero, the Roman Emperor, also enjoyed frozen treats and demanded that a constant supply of ice from the mountains be available to him. He liked to add honey to the top of his dessert.

(3) Ice cream as we know it can be traced back to the 9th century in Arab cities, such as Baghdad, Damascus, and Cairo. Near the end of the 13th century, Marco Polo returned to Italy after his travels through China with news of a frozen creamed dessert. In Europe, ice cream could only be found in Italy. Then, in 1533, Italian noblewoman Catherine de'Medici of Italy married Henry II of France. As Queen, Catherine introduced ice cream to France. Soon, the popularity of the dessert spread across all of Europe.

(4) The first recorded account of ice cream in the United States was in 1744. In a written letter, a guest of Maryland Governor William Bladen detailed a delicious frozen dessert featuring strawberries and milk. The invention of electricity and manufacturing meant that ice cream could be made and kept much more easily, and the popularity of the frozen treat grew quickly across the country.

(5) To start, ice cream was served in a dish. It wasn't until the late 19th century that the ice cream cone made its first appearance. As with ice cream itself, there has always been some controversy over who the true inventor of the ice cream cone was. It is claimed that in 1896, a man by the name of Italo Marchiony invented the ice cream cone in New York City. He was granted a patent for this cup-shaped invention in 1903. Then, in 1904, ice cream was served in a true conical-shaped cone by Ernest Hamwi at the St. Louis World Fair. Whoever the true inventor was, the discovery caught on, and by 1924, Americans were eating over 200 million ice cream cones a year!

Read the text "How Ice Cream Is Made":

Ice cream is a frozen blend of sweetened cream and air with added flavoring. This is how it is made commercially.

Necessary Ingredients:

Dairy products, including milk, cream, and butter fat

Sugar

Eggs

Flavoring

Approved additives to prevent ice crystals during production process

Production Steps:

Step 1: To start, the ingredients are carefully measured and then combined together. The dairy ingredients, solids, and additives are blended well to ensure the liquid and dry components are completely mixed.

Step 2: Next, the mix is pasteurized. This means it is heated to high temperatures to remove any bacteria which could be found in the raw ingredients. Pasteurization can occur at 155°F for 30 minutes or 175°F for 25 seconds. The temperatures used to pasteurize ice cream need to be higher than those used for milk because the mixture includes high-fat dairy sources, sweeteners, and egg yolks.

Step 3: Following pasteurization, the ice cream mix is homogenized. This occurs when the fat globules in the cream are broken down into smaller parts through vigorous mixing. Once homogenized, the ice cream should be very smooth and uniform, meaning free of bubbles. Now the ice cream will be easier to whip and will not melt as fast.

Step 4: The next step is to let the ice cream mixture stand for at least four hours. During this time, the fat cools and forms crystals.

Step 5: A special barrel freezer is then used to gradually freeze the ice cream. The machine also pumps clean air into the mix. This keeps the ice cream soft and allows it to absorb the different flavorings. Without the air, the mixture would become as hard as an ice cube.

Step 6: During freezing, flavoring can be added. Ice cream flavors have moved on from plain vanilla and chocolate to include hundreds of combinations using fruit, nuts, candy, cookies, and other baked goods.

Step 7: Finally, the ice cream is packaged and put into a blast freezer where the temperature is between -22 to -40 Fahrenheit.

How does paragraph 4 of The History of Ice Cream relate to Step 7 of "How Ice Cream Is Made"?