Read the following passage from Senator Smith’s “Declaration of Conscience”: It is strange that we can verbally attack anyone else without restraint and with full protection and yet we hold ourselves above the same type of criticism here on the Senate floor. Surely the United States Senate is big enough to take self-criticism and self-appraisal. Surely we should be able to take the same kind of character attacks that we “dish out” to outsiders.

What kind of appeal does Smith use most in this passage?

A. Logos
B. Ethos
C. Kairos
D. Pathos