Atendency to apply a rule of grammar at all times is a type of
idiom
overgeneralization
dialect
colloquialism

A tendency to apply a rule of grammar at all times is a type of overgeneralization. So the correct option as far as this question goes is the second option. Many times it can be seen that teachers invent certain rules for the students, but ultimately these rules are only for certain cases and cannot be applied globally. These kinds of rules are overgeneralization. This kind of overgeneralization happens not only in schools and colleges but can happen to life as a whole as well.   

Ceuphemism hope it