In this excerpt from his first address to parliament, how does winston churchill arouse patriotic feelings in his audience? we shall not flag nor fail. we shall go on to the end. we shall fight in france and on the seas and oceans; we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air. we shall defend our island whatever the cost may be; we shall fight on beaches, landing grounds, in fields, in streets and on the hills. we shall never surrender and even if, which i do not for the moment believe, this island or a large part of it were subjugated and starving, then our empire beyond the seas, armed and guarded by the british fleet, will carry on the struggle until in god's good time the new world with all its power and might, sets forth to the liberation and rescue of the old.

In addition to the emotion behind the speech being given, there is literary device being employed here by Winston Churchill called anaphora that is quite powerful.  Anaphora is the literary device where there is one word or a phrase that is repeated at the beginning of a sentence to make the message stand out and have the message make the most impact.  Thus, when we look at the speech, we can see that the phrase “We shall” is used as anaphora.  And, it is this phrase/literary device (anaphora) that Winston Churchill uses to increase patriotic feelings in his audience.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)