What can the reader infer the author means when he says that newspapers were not truly modern until after the invention of movable type? a) to be truly modern, newspapers must cost more than a simple gazetta and have a sizable subscription base. b) to be truly modern, newspapers needed to be strictly about news and not contain opinions or advertisements. c) a modern newspaper is printed many more times than previous newspapers--and still is relatively cheap to buy. d) modern newspapers have editorial staff and hires an army of reporters to investigate every case of legal wrong-doing.

Read the passage below and answer the question that follows. ‘you make me feel uncivilized, daisy,’ i confessed on my second glass of corky but rather impressive claret. ‘can’t you talk about crops or something? ’ i meant nothing in particular by this remark but it was taken up in an unexpected way. ‘civilization’s going to pieces,’ broke out tom violently. ‘i’ve gotten to be a terrible pessimist about things. have you read ‘the rise of the coloured empires’ by this man goddard? ’ ‘why, no,’ i answered, rather surprised by his tone. ‘well, it’s a fine book, and everybody ought to read it. the idea is if we don’t look out the white race will be—will be utterly submerged. it’s all scientific stuff; it’s been proved.’ in this passage, tom’s ideas about race relations come off as uncivilized. what literary device is fitzgerald using here? irony personification metaphor simile