Which of these fragments requires only a predicate in order to be written as a complete sentence?
a. by the atlantic ocean'
b. can be decided into different geographical regions
c. the state of virginia
d. which includes a mountain range

C. The state of Virginia.
This is the sentence fragment that requires only a predicate in order to be written as a complete sentence.

Predicate is identified as a part of a sentence that talks about the subject of the sentence. In short, the predicate is anything but the subject.

Choice C. The state of Virginia  is the subject of the sentence. So, anything added to describe the subject is a predicate.

For example: The state of Virginia is in the United States of America.

The predicate in the sentence is : is in the United States of America.

The quote would be the one the one