Record one sentence, using the past simple and the past perfect. use the conjuctions when, after or before. 1 joe went out. i arrived home. when i arrived home, joe had gone out. 2 i went to bed. paul phoned. when paul 3 the shoplifter ran away. the police arrived. 4 dad cooked dinner. mum got home. 5 the vandals sprayed graffiti on the wall. the police caught them. 6 the film started. we arrived at the cinema. 7 it started to rain. we left the beach. 8 the train left. we got to the station.

2I went to bed. Paul phoned. When Paul phoned, I had gone to bed.
3The shoplifter ran away. The police arrived.The police arrived after the shoplifter had run away.
4Dad cooked dinner. Mum got home. Mum got home before Dad had cooked dinner.
5The vandals sprayed graffiti on the wall. The police caught them.The vandals sprayed graffiti on the wall before the police had caught them.
6The film started. We arrived at the cinema.Before we arrived at the cinema, the film had started.
7It started to rain. We left the beach. We left the beach before it had started to rain.
8The train left. We got to the station. When we got to the station, the train had left.

Past perfect tense allows the writer to tie the action to a specific point in time. The formula for past perfect is had and the past participle. Simple past tense is just the past participle.