What happens as a wave's energy surge passes through an area of water?

Tsunami the water reacts because momentum from the energy pushes everything away from the source so like an earthquake it pushes huge amount of energy out of it and since nothing else has to take the blow the water is pushed water and fat until it hits shore

Answergranulation;

Explosive eruptions are the most hazardous, involving large volumes of tephra and gases emitted from the volcano. lahars, pyroclastic flows, ashfall, and many other volcanic hazards are commonly associated with explosive eruptions. explosive eruptions are very dangerous. basically, any form of hazard can occur.