Earth is closet to the sun at a point called

Earth is closest to the sun at a point called perigee.

The point at which the Earth is farthest from the sun is called the apogee, just in case you needed to know that one too.

all three options are correct

the only other powers were germany russia and uk and they were too busy fighting each other wearing each other down   that the us was becoming strong and they were becoming weaker