Which body has a period of rotation of one day?
earth
the moon
the sun
jupiter

THE EARTH has a period of rotation of one day.

Explanation:

"Rotation period" is the total amount of time taken by the body to revolve on its axis once . Among all ,Earth has a period of rotation of one day i.e; 24 hours. The time varies from planet to planet. The rotational period of planets depends upon its orbital motion which is affected by the eccentricity and inclination of planet's orbit.  

It also depends upon how far a planet is from the sun because if the planet is much closer there would strong gravitational pull on the planet by the sun and the planet moves faster . Kepler's second law describes well how an object's speed varied along its orbit due to sun's gravitational pull.