Species differ greatly in birth and death rates, survivorship, and life spans. there must be advantages and disadvantages in living longer or reproducing more quickly. why hasn’t evolution selected for the most advantageous combination of characteristics so that all organisms would be more or less alike?

can someone explain what this is asking about and perhaps even explain how to answer it? you

A explained below.

Explanation:

Species differ in term,s of there births, deaths and life spans but this sets their advantages and disadvantages in the ecological system as the growth and development of a plant species may be hindered by the invasive species or any other factors like the sunshine or length of the day and night or destruction by natural hazard or man-made disturbances etc.  Similar is the case of animals, evolution has not selected all the species or organisms alike as the traits of one species don't match with that of the others thus the genetic makeup of the species is different and natural selection occurs by chance it's not suited to every species. Thus ever species does not have the same rate of survival as the other may have due to mutations or stable traits over time.

The answer is false

Magma is outside the volcano  and lava is inside the volcano.