Which of the following is a way in which surface mines impact an environment ecologically? a. soil erosion b. introducing new species of flora and fauna c. creation of groundwater systems d. all of the above

The correct answer is - a. soil erosion.

The surface mines, mainly have a big and devastating effect on the surface, thus on the soil. Because of the work of the mine, all of its activities, and all of the chemicals released, it starts to rapidly pollute the soil and kill off most of the flora on it. With this, the soil becomes much looser, and than the erosion can do its thing, and starts to affect it heavily because there is nothing that can hold the soil tight. As the time passes, layer by layer, the soil will be heavily eroded and degraded, coming to a point where it is pretty much not able to use it for anything.

answer; european crusades;