Why do clouds tend to form above either a flat or a moun- tainous island in the middle of the ocean? (Hint: Compare the specific heat capacity of the land with that of the water and the subsequent convection currents in the air.)

As explained below.

Explanation:

As the winds coming towards the mountain island will flow to the mountain they will get forced upwards and this will raise the temperature of the air above.If there is enough water vapor in the air that can lead to cooling the water vapor will condense and form into a cloud of microscopic droplets.  And thereby it will rain over the mountain peaks and thus the flow of the convective currents in the air will flow upwards and the clouds will surround over the flat mountain. This may create a rain shadow effect.

Answermaritime tropical;