Why did japan's physical geography make it at high risk for eathquakes and tsunamis

Japan is located along the Pacific “ring of fire”, on the edges of several continental and oceanic tectonic plates. This is an area of high seismic and volcanic activity from New Zealand, up through Japan, across to Alaska, and down the west coasts of North and South America.

Convection current is the main process through which heat is transferred in bulk from one location to another through the cyclic motion of a large volume of substance.