Which word from the paragraph helps the reader to understand the meaning of "hot"? And thank you for telling me

The investiture controversy began as a power struggle between pope gregory vii (1072–85) and henry iv, holy roman emperor (1056–1106).[2] a brief but significant struggle over investiture also occurred between henry i of england and pope paschal ii in the years 1103 to 1107, and the issue played a minor role in the struggles between church and state in france, as well.by undercutting the imperial power established by the salian emperors, the controversy led to nearly 50 years of civil war in germany, and the triumph of the great dukes and abbots. imperial power was finally re-established under the hohenstaufen dynasty. historian norman cantor:

It is the doctrine that the us had the right and duty to expand throughout north america. it just means they believed they had the right to expand westward and they did! they stated with the 13 colonies and then they kept moving gaining different territories throughout the years

Ibelieve the answer would be a large-scale natural disaster 

Answerencourage alternative timber sources,increase public awareness of the forests,increase research into forestry,involve local communities in forest projectsalso one of the main initiatives of the 1977 act was to introduce a new approach to forest management known as selective management system, this is recognised as one of the most sustainable approaches to tropical forestry management in the world