Why is this like this

Which of these has the least impact on the climate of a place

In an effort to japan recover from the devastating effects of the 1929 depression, japanese military leaders in the 1930s formed an alliance with nazi germany negotiated more trade treaties with the soviet union closed its doors to western trade adopted a policy of imperialist expansion

Which of the following is the unit of measurement used to describe the severity of an earth quake? velocity, magnitude, volume, density.