Complete the chart. metallic
black markings on
the streak plate
softer than a
fingernail
(hardness less
than 2
harder than a
finger til
(hardness greater
than 2
magnetic
nonmagnetic
harder than the
streak plate
(hardness greater
than 7
nonmetallic
feeling
softer than an iron nail
(hardness less
than 4,5)
density near
3 g/ml
DOL SIT)
laginu
density near
2 g/ml
quartz
gypsum
pyrite
magnetite
graphite
fluorite
talc

MINERAL NAMELUSTER (appearance)HARDNESSDISTINGUISHING PROPERTIES

PyriteMetallicSlightly harder than glassHardness greater than glass (H ~ 6-6.5); Brassy yellow color; black streak; Crystals commonly cubic; no cleavage.

GalenaMetallicSofter than glass3 perfect cleavages at 90 degrees, high density.

HematiteMetallic or non-metallic lusterHard to tell, but harderRed-brown streak.

HornblendeNon-metallic (black)Harder than glassUsually black or dark green; 2 cleavages at 60°/120° (56°/124°)

BiotiteNon-metallic (black)Slightly harder than glass1 perfect cleavage; Dark brown-black color, faint yellow-brown streak.

OlivineNon-metallic (green)Slightly harder than glassOlive green color; Granular; Conchoidal fracture; Hardness greater than glass (H ~ 6.5 – 7).

Plagioclase FeldsparNon-metallic (med. grey to light grey)Slightly harder than glass2 cleavages at about 90°; Striations (twinning) present; can be white to dark gray.

Potassium FeldsparNon-metallic (Pink to white)Slightly harder than glass2 cleavages at about 90°; Striations not present; can be pink, white (sometimes green).

QuartzNon-metallic (any color)Harder than glassHexagonal crystals; No cleavage planes; Conchoidal Fracture; Hardness greater than glass (H=7 on Moh’s scale).

MuscoviteNon-metallic (gold-clear)Softer than glass1 perfect cleavage; Colorless or silvery appearance, once used for window glass; Ke$ha likes it.

FluoriteNon-metallic (purple, green, yellow)Softer than glasssofter than glass; FOUR cleavage planes!

CalciteNon-metallicSofter than glass3 perfect cleavages not at 90° (rhombohedral cleavage); Fizzes readily when HCl acid applied.

HaliteNon-metallicSofter than glass3 perfect cleavages at 90°; Tastes like salt, feels greasy.

GypsumNon-metallicSofter than glass and softer than a fingernailGenerally clear to white; One perfect cleavage, may show up to 3 cleavages; Easily scratched with a fingernail.

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