Because alaska and great britain are at similar latitudes on our planet, do they have similar climates?

Your answer is no. They are both cold and they both snow. But not as much in Great Britain. It rains a lot there. Climates depend on more than just latitude. The elevation in Alaska is higher than Great Britain. Therefore, it snows there a lot more than Great Britain. They also have different plants there that can withstand more cold or precipitation.
Hope I helped. ;)

Water flows along the east coast and across the western tropical pacific towards south america, while they both are directed towards that way,  el niño does not directly affect the southern flow of water along the coast. 

Answer the use of flood plains and irrigation;