The most significant factor that has resulted in an unequal society in johannesburg, south africa, is its a. dependence on gold and diamond industries, goods that rise and fall rapidly in price b. history of segregation and apartheid c. climate, which is unsuitable for agriculture d. history of conflict with its neighbors

The correct answer is - B. history of segregation and apartheid.

South Africa has had a long history of racial segregation and intolerance, mainly between the white population, and the black Bantu population. This resulted into the society becoming like two different parallel worlds, where whites are living in their own exclusively white neighborhoods, while the black live in their own. The job and education opportunities were not equal for both sides as well. Nowadays, the apartheid is long gone, but now there's a reversed situation, where the black population is taking a revenge on the white population, so now the whites are the ones that have it harder, especially from safety point of view.