Activity To answer the questions in this activity, you will analyze quotations from the South African leader Nelson Mandela, learn about his life, and write about his importance in history.
Part A
Read the following quotations from Nelson Mandela:

"Teach the children that Africans are not one iota inferior to Europeans. Establish your own community schools where the right kind of education will be given to our children. If it becomes dangerous or impossible to have these alternative schools, then again you must make every home, every shack or rickety structure a center of learning for our children."
(address to the Congress of the African National Congress, 1953)

"We call on all Africans not to cooperate or collaborate in any way with the proposed South African Republic or any other form of Government which rests on force to perpetuate the tyranny of a minority, and to organize and unite in town and country to carry out constant actions to oppose oppression and win freedom."
(letter to Henrick Verwoerd, Prime Minister of South Africa, 1961)

"I do not deny that I planned sabotage. I did not plan it in a spirit of recklessness nor because I have any love of violence. I planned it as a result of a calm and sober assessment of the political situation that had arisen after many years of tyranny, exploitation and oppression of my people by the whites."
(speech at the Rivona Trial, 1964)

"Difficulties break some men but make others. No axe is sharp enough to cut the soul of a sinner who keeps on trying, one armed with the hope that he will rise even in the end."
(letter to his wife, Winnie Mandela, from Robben Island, 1975)

"Never, never and never again shall it be that this beautiful land will again experience the oppression of one by another and suffer the indignity of being the skunk of the world. Let freedom reign!"
(speech at his presidential inauguration, Pretoria, South Africa, 1994)

"If you want to make peace with your enemy, you have to work with your enemy. Then he becomes your partner."
(The Long Walk to Freedom, 1995)

Now, without doing any further research, answer the following questions about each quotation:

How would you describe the speaker?
What ideas is he trying to convey?
Based on the citations beneath each quotation, what can you say about his intended audience?