Plz help me im stuck in this question

Read the article titled "trans-saharan migration routes to north africa and the eu: historical roots and current trends." why do tens of thousands of sub-saharan africans try to cross the mediterranean each year? how are these refugees commonly portrayed? (site 1)

Which component of a milankovitch cycle is related to periodic ice ages throughout earth’s history?

Ascientist makes a map using gis. one layer is an aerial photograph of farmland. other layers show water level changes and how crop cover has changed over time. what might the scientist be studying?