On earth, the four major spheres interact as a system. which of these spheres are absent, or nearly absent, on the moon? based on your answer, identify at least five processes that operate on earth but not on the moon

On earth, the four major spheres interact as a system.

Atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere are absent. 

Carbon, Oxygen cycle.
water circuit
tsunami (there is no water so no tsunami)
absence of life
there is no atmosphere so all meteorites directly interact with moon surface. On Earth they can be burn into the atmosphere due to the friction process

Geothermic gradient is the rate of increasing temperature with respect to increasing the depth in the earths interior. away from tech tonic plates boundaries, it is about 25-40 c/km (72-87 degrees f/mi) of depth near the surface in most of the world.