Signs of having a phobia include, but are not limited to,
a. irritability and a consistent interruption of sleep patterns
b. a persistent fear of nonthreatening situations interrupting daily life
c. unwanted obsessions that rarely interrupt daily life
d. constant headaches and interrupted sleep patterns

b. a persistent fear of nonthreatening situations interrupting daily life

Explanation:

Phobia is an uncontrolled, somewhat irrational fear that arises through situations, objects, people, or places that do not always pose imminent danger. Phobic people, when feeling insecure - given the reason for their fears - can get into a panic attack caused by excessive anxiety. In addition to emotional issues, phobia also causes physical symptoms such as palpitations, shortness of breath, hand and foot tremors, intestinal maladjustments, and paleness. This leads us to conclude that the signs of having a phobia include, but are not limited to persistent fear.

Phobia symptoms can cause severe emotional and physical consequences to the body. These effects range from reduced immune defense to functional problems of organs and systems. Therefore, knowing the symptomatic characteristics of phobic disorders allows their identification and can lead to the search for the most appropriate treatment.

answer; (preoperational stage)