A56-year-old client has been dealing with chronic back pain throughout his entire life, but recently the pain has begun to involve the shoulder as well. the client has been subsequently diagnosed with a seronegative spondyloarthropathy. which physiologic description encompasses the disease involvement?

Explanation:

Seronegative spondyloarthropathy is a group of diseases involving the axial skeleton that have a negative serum state. Seronegative refers to the fact that these diseases are negative for the rheumatoid factor.

Manifestations of the disease may range from only a continuous and significant back pain (mainly in the buttock region, or higher in the lower back), to a more severe and systemic disease, affecting several other joints, the eyes, heart, lungs, spinal cord and kidneys.

The onset of back pain occurs slowly and insidiously for a few weeks. At first, the disease often causes buttock pain, possibly spreading to the back of the thighs and the lower spine. It is often observed that pain improves with exercise and worsens with rest, being worse especially in the morning. Usually this pain is associated with a feeling of stiffness in the spine (stiffness), with consequent difficulty in mobilization.

Eventually, the patient may also experience pain in the sole of the foot, especially when getting out of bed in the morning. Subsequently, inflammation of the joints between the ribs and the spine may cause chest pain, which worsens with deep breathing.

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b and c would be the answers