Identify a statement that accurately differentiates between short-term memory and working memory. multiple choice
a. short-term memory functions as an active memory system, while working memory functions as a passive storehouse.
b. short-term memory can be used to solve problems, while working memory can be used to rehearse information.
c. measures of working memory capacity are strongly related to cognitive aptitudes, whereas measures of short-term memory capacity are hardly related to cognitive aptitudes.
d. working memory has a limited capacity, while short-term memory has a virtually unlimited capacity to store information.

a. Short-term memory functions as an active memory system, while working memory functions as a passive storehouse.

Explanation:

Short-term memory stores information for seconds, minutes or even hours. Some experts call it working or primary memory. An example of this is when you ask a waiter for a soda. He stores that information until he brings the drink to you, then it is discarded. Or when you want to call someone, you see the phone in your phone book and you can hold the number in your memory until you dial it. This type of memory acts as an active memory system.

Relevant information is progressively transferred from short term to long term memory. The more contact you have with this information, whether it is repeated or used, the more likely it will end up in long-term memory. This is why studying is critical for better exam performance. Long-term memory is considered a library, where information is classified, cataloged and archived. Scholars believe that this type of memory has unlimited capacity and acts as a passive warehouse.

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