Which of the following statements about ivan pavlov is true? group of answer choices
a. he is considered the founder of behaviorism.
b. he is famous for demonstrating the principles of operant conditioning: the motivation for a behavior happens after the behavior is demonstrated.
c. he is known for establishing the principles of classical conditioning.
d. he placed hungry rats in a maze with no reward for finding their way through it, and he studied a comparison group that was rewarded with food at the end of the maze.

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Explanation:

The answer is C) He is known for establishing the principles of classical conditioning.

Iván Pávlov was born Ryazan, Russia.

As he grew older, he seriously considered becoming a priest and training in the theological career. But during his adolescence, Pavlov began to be interested in the works of Charles Darwin and Ivan Sechenov, which motivated him to study natural sciences.

In 1870 he enrolled at the University of St. Petersburg to study physics, mathematics and natural sciences. During his college years, he was influenced by his professor of physiology and decided that this was the path he wanted to follow in life. Pavlov was always an exceptional student and in 1875 he graduated. He then continued his PhD studies at the Academy of Medical Surgery to continue his education in physiology.

Birth of classical conditioning

Pavlov not only used the bell as a stimulus, but later used other stimuli, both auditory and visual, to produce what he called the conditioned response. His experiments are an example of classical conditioning, which is part of behavioral theory and, therefore, Pávlov's ideas set aside mental processes to give special importance to observable and measurable behavior. And it is that their experiments have great importance for the development of the scientific method in psychology, and allowed the development of one of the most known theoretical models of learning.

Classic conditioning is also known as stimulus-response learning (E-R). For learning to occur by association, initially the unconditioned stimulus (EI) is presented, which is a stimulus that automatically provokes a response from the organism. In the case of Pavlov's experiment, it was food. The response that this stimulus causes in the body is called unconditioned response (IR). The unconditioned response was the amount of saliva that Pavlov's dog secreted.

Then it is necessary to present a neutral stimulus (EN), that is, the bell in the case of the experiment, which before learning occurs does not produce any response. However, when this stimulus occurs repeatedly next to the EI, the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus (CD), which provokes in itself a response similar to that of the unconditioned stimulus. In this case, what happens when the bell is heard is called a conditioned response (RC).

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