As a physician, you receive a urinalysis report on your patient with the following information: sg 1.014; proteins negative; glucose positive; ketones positive; bilirubin negative; blood negative; nitrites positive; sodium 160 mmol; potassium 86 mmol. you must write a letter to the patient indicating your concerns about the report.

Read report below, please.

Explanation:

Dear patient,

According to the report of the urine analysis received, some aspects would have to be reviewed. Glucosuria, ketoneuria and positive nitrites are observed in the urine sample.

In the first place, the presence of glucose in urine (glycosuria) means an increase in the level of glucose filtered by the kidneys, the blood level (blood glucose) should be checked and / or glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) should be measured. With respect to ketoneuria (presence of ketones in urine), it may be due to a prolonged fast (greater than 8 hours) or a diabetic ketoacidosis, where fats are used as a source of energy, due to a shortage of insulin that regulates glucose for be used for that purpose.

As for the positive nitrites in urine, they could be showing an infection in the urinary tract.

Preventively, I would recommend that you go through the office to perform a treatment and repeat the studies.

Thank you,

Dr X.