The Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act is a federal law that makes sure that patients receive emergency medical care regardless of their ability to pay. Imagine that a state writes a law that says that all individuals have to pay for their health care or they will not be treated. What would happen? Both laws would be in effect in that state.

Only the state law would be in effect in that state.

The federal law would be overruled.

The state law would be overruled.