A patient returns to a doctor for a follow-up, and the doctor determines that the patient has not been taking his medication. The doctor sarcastically says, “You’ve done a good job taking care of yourself!” When the patient tries to explain why he has not followed the doctor’s instructions, the doctor interrupts and tells him there is no acceptable excuse for not taking his medication. Which behaviors in this situation are typical of ineffective communication? Select all that apply.

not taking medication

using sarcasm

the patient trying to explain himself

not listening to someone’s explanation