Which of the following best describes the effects that fetal alcohol syndrome has on a child's mental abilities?

a. fetal alcohol syndrome can cause parts of the brain to shut down, leading to a learning disability.

b. fetal exposure to alcohol can damage a child's central nervous system, making it physically painful for them to learn fine motor skills.

c. fetal alcohol syndrome can cause parts of the brain to be underdeveloped and can cause mental slowness.

d. fetal exposure to alcohol is the cause of numerous mental abnormalities, such as a smaller cerebrum.