Which statement best summarizes Gregor Mendel’s contribution to science? Question 1 options:

Mendel invented the green pea by cross-breeding thousands of pea plants.

Mendel discovered green peas and yellow peas.

Mendel increased the number of peas produced by a single plant using cross-breeding techniques.

Mendel is considered the “father of genetics.”

Question 2 (1 point)
What did Mendel’s cross-pollination of pea plants prove?

Question 2 options:

All the cells in an organism carry the same hereditary factors.

Certain factors are dominant, and other factors are recessive.

Inheritance of certain factors is dependent upon the genetic code.

Crossing a tall plant with a tall plant will always result in a tall plant.

Question 3 (1 point)
Which characteristic cannot be inherited?

Question 3 options:

shape of ears in pigs

length of fur in dogs

the ability to win a soccer game

height of stem in a sunflower plant

Question 4 (1 point)
Which statement correctly describes the mechanism of inheritance?

Question 4 options:

Homologous chromosomes determine the genes for a trait.

Alleles from heterozygous chromosomes determine traits.

Chromosomes on heterozygous genes determine traits.

Alleles on homologous chromosomes determine traits.

Question 5 (1 point)
What are genes?

Question 5 options:

the expressed trait

the observable characteristic

the measurable factor

the basic unit of inheritance

Question 6 (1 point)
Which two species are most closely related?

Question 6 options:

giraffe and horse

wolf and dog

dog and rabbit

human and dolphin

Question 7 (1 point)
What determines the similarities in anatomical features among organisms?

Question 7 options:

environmental conditions

location on Earth

predator-prey relationships

chromosomes and genes

Question 8 (1 point)
What is the relationship among cells, chromosomes, genes and DNA?

Question 8 options:

DNA is a double-helix structure found in the cell nucleus. Chromosomes straighten out the DNA so the code can be read by genes.

Chromosomes are tightly wound strands of DNA located in cells. Genes are sections of DNA.

DNA is straightened by genes which are contained in the chromosomes of a cell.

Tightly wound strands of chromosomes contain genes and are found in cells. The genes are coded sequences of nucleotides read by DNA.

Question 9 (1 point)
Green eyes and brown eyes are two different forms of a single gene. This is an example of what?

Question 9 options:

DNA

alleles

chromosomes

genes

Question 10 (1 point)
A botanist has the juiciest tomatoes in his backyard. What is true about these tomatoes?

Question 10 options:

They are watered more often than tomatoes grown in other gardens.

They are saltier, so they absorb more water from their surroundings, making them juicier.

They are grown by someone with a green thumb, so they grow better.

They are grown from seeds that come from plants that produce juicier fruit.

Question 11 (1 point)
The process of meiosis results in:

Question 11 options:

4 identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes

4 unique daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes

4 unique daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes

4 identical daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes

Question 12 (1 point)
If a long tail is a dominant characteristic, in which case is the characteristic of a long tail definitely expressed?

Question 12 options:

when at least one allele contains instructions for a long tail

when neither allele contains instructions for a long tail

when at least one parent has a long tail

when both parents have a long tail

Question 13 (1 point)
A dominant allele expresses as brown fur on a cat. A recessive allele expresses as gray fur on a cat. What color will a cat be if the alleles are Ff?

Question 13 options:

brownish-gray

brown

none of the above

gray

Question 14 (1 point)
A black mouse has the genotype: Bb. A white mouse has the genotype bb. What is the dominant allele color?

Question 14 options:

none of the above

white

black

white with black spots

Question 15 (1 point)
test

Complete the Punnett square for mouse fur color #15.

Question 15 options:

Ff

FF

ff

Question 16 (1 point)
test

Complete the Punnett square for mouse fur color #16.

Question 16 options:

ff

Ff

FF

Question 17 (1 point)
test

Complete the Punnett square for mouse fur color #17.

Question 17 options:

FF

Ff

ff

Question 18 (1 point)
test

Complete the Punnett square for mouse fur color #18.

Question 18 options:

FF

Ff

ff

Question 19 (1 point)
test

What percentage of the mouse offspring have black fur in the above Punnett square (#19)?

Question 19 options:

100%

75%

50%

25%

Question 20 (1 point)
test

What percentage of the mouse offspring have white fur in the above Punnett square (#19)?

Question 20 options:

100%

75%

50%

25%