In the information processing approach a what illustrates the connection between various memories and responses

It is called a Long term Memory. Information Processing Approach is a cognitive to understand how the mind of a human or a person transforms into sensory information and sensory information have different kinds of memory time frames; these are -Sensory Memory- Short-term Memory-Long-term Memory. The Nature of the Information-Processing Approach is Information, Memory, and Thinking.  Cognitive Resources: Capacity and Speed of Processing Information and Mechanisms of Change. 

the psychologist would claim that the research results were significant.