Which of these did not happen as a result of the crusades?

The answer depends on whose side you were on. The crusades were a time of much death, hardships and poverty on all sides as in all wars.

In Europe, most of the important people across the lands joined the crusades and travelled to the middle east to fight and "reclaim the holy land". Due to this large exodus, much of the wealth went with it, never to return and Europe became more lawless and poverty-stricken as a result.

c-three

explanation:

legislative, executive and judicial