1. which of the following people was of similar status to the pope in the middle ages' social hierarchy?

bishop

vassal

king

knight

2. how might a second-born son hope to achieve success under the system of primogeniture?

he could hope to inherit property from his father.

he could seek training to become a knight in the military.

he could try to attend one of the many trade schools.

he could work on developing his share of his father's land.

3. why did earlier historians consider the medieval period the "dark ages"?

the time had no electricity and so it was an age that was quite dark.

the era seemed less important than the renaissance and the roman empire.

castles were very dark and did not let in much light.

the power of the church stamped out the many bright pagan rituals.

4. all of the following represent innovations in land use in the middle ages except

1 Answer;

-The king.

The king was of similar status to the pope in the Middle Ages' social hierarchy.

Explanation;

-The social system in medieval Europe was called the Feudalism that gave protection and kept the country save. Popes for much of the Medieval era, Popes were the last major influence in anything to do with the church. Popes had a heavy influence over political and economic decisions as well for a time. The status of the king and the pope were similar in that they were the last major influence in the society.

2. Answers;

-He could seek training to become a knight in the military.

A second-born son hoped to achieve success under the system of primogeniture in that he could seek training to become a knight in the military.

Explanation;

The system of primogeniture is System in under which land & titles were inherited by the eldest son.(Or the male heir).

-In this system all property is handed down to the first-born son.

- During the Medieval period, the oldest son, the Lord of the Manor would become the Lord himself upon the death of his father, much in the same way that the oldest son of a king would gain the crow.

3. Answer;

-A limited amount of written record survived to shine light on this time period.

The earlier historians consider the Medieval Period the "Dark Ages" because of limited amount of written record that survived to shine light on this time period.

-Middle ages was the era between the decline of the roman empire & the beginning of the renaissance.

-Dark ages is the old fashioned way to refer to the centuries between the decline of the roman empire & the beginning of the renaissance due limited amount of written record that survived to shine light on this time period.

4. Multiple choices

-the 3-field system

-open fields of manorial villages

-shared property of monastic communities

-the ownership by individuals of small farms

Answer;

-Except; the ownership by individuals of small farms

Explanation;

-Manorialism was a system under which a peasant was made entirely dependent on the land and his lord.

-3-field system was an innovation of the middle ages in which one-third of the farmland was left *fallow each season. There was also the shared property of monastic communities as an innovation of land in the middle ages.

i confess that there are several parts of this constitution which i do not at present approve, but i am not sure i shall never approve them: for having lived long, i have experienced many instances of being obliged by better information or fuller consideration, to change opinions even on important subjects, which i once thought right, but found to be otherwise. it is therefore that the older i grow, the more apt i am to doubt my own judgment, and to pay more respect to the judgment of others.